Java 提供了 MessageDigest 类用来处理消息摘要算法,如 MD5 , SHA-1 和 SHA-256 等。
1. Java 的标准实现
使用位运算进行进制转换。
import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; public class Hash { private static final char[] hexCode = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray(); public static String md5(String input) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { byte[] bytes = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(input.getBytes()); return printHexBinary(bytes); } public static String printHexBinary(byte[] data) { StringBuilder r = new StringBuilder(data.length * 2); for (byte b : data) { r.append(hexCode[(b >> 4) & 0xF]); r.append(hexCode[(b & 0xF)]); } return r.toString(); } }
2. 使用 String.format
使用 String.format 进行进制转换。
import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; public class Hash { public static String md5(String input) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { byte[] bytes = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(input.getBytes()); return printHexBinary(bytes); } public static String printHexBinary(byte[] data) { StringBuilder r = new StringBuilder(data.length * 2); for (byte b : data) { r.append(String.format("%02X", new Integer(b & 0xFF))); } return r.toString(); } }
3. Kotlin 的标准实现
object Hash { private val HEX_CHARS = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray() fun md5(input: String): String { val bytes = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(input.toByteArray()) return printHexBinary(bytes) } fun printHexBinary(data: ByteArray): String { val r = StringBuilder(data.size * 2) data.forEach { b -> val i = b.toInt() r.append(HEX_CHARS[i shr 4 and 0xF]) r.append(HEX_CHARS[i and 0xF]) } return r.toString() } }
4. Kotlin 扩展函数
fun String.md5(): String { val bytes = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(this.toByteArray()) return bytes.hex() } fun ByteArray.hex(): String { return joinToString("") { "%02X".format(it) } }
定义完扩展函数后,就可以使用下面的语法来计算MD5值:
val hash = "foo-bar".md5()
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