前段时间，研究怎么去提升数据库安全，例如禁止执行不带条件的update操作，于是就想到了去启用sql_safe_updates参数，这个参数Mysql默认是不启用的，而且还不能加入到my.cnf配置里。因此就想到了用init_connect参数，将sql_safe_updates=1放到init_connect参数里，这样每个用户会话连接的时候，就会启用sql_safe_updates参数了。
可是用普通连接数据库之后，使用某个库之后，就会报错
mysql> use information_schema;No connection. Trying to reconnect...Connection id: 16Current database: *** NONE ***ERROR 1184 (08S01): 关注1.如果您喜欢这篇文章，请点赞+转发。2.如果您特别喜欢，请加关注。 16 to db: 'unconnected' user: 'jim' host: 'localhost' (init_connect command failed)分析报错之前，先复盘一下操作步骤
1.创建普通用户
mysql> create user 'jim'@'%' identified by 'jim'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;+------------------+-----------+| user | host |+------------------+-----------+| jim | % || repl | % || root | % || tony | % || mysql.infoschema | localhost || mysql.session | localhost || mysql.sys | localhost || root | localhost |+------------------+-----------+8 rows in set (0.10 sec)2.使用root用户登录数据库，并设置init_connect参数
mysql> set global init_connect='sql_safe_updates=1';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show variables like 'init_connect';+---------------+--------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+--------------------+| init_connect | sql_safe_updates=1 |+---------------+--------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)3.使用普通用户jim连接测试
root@18374a493e56:~# mysql -ujim -pjimmysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 18Server version: 8.0.21Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use information_schemaNo connection. Trying to reconnect...Connection id: 19Current database: *** NONE ***ERROR 1184 (08S01): Aborted connection 19 to db: 'unconnected' user: 'jim' host: 'localhost' (init_connect command failed)4.使用root用户连接测试
root@18374a493e56:~# mysql -uroot -prootmysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 20Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use information_schema;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changed从上面的报错信息也能很快的判断出，是由于init_connect设置不合理导致的，可是这里很奇怪的是，普通用户会报错，root用户操作没有报错。弄不清楚为什么，于是就去看官方文档，看看官方文档是怎么描述的。
init_connect参数描述
For users that have the CONNECTION_ADMIN privilege (or the deprecated SUPER privilege), the content of init_connect is not executed. This is done so that an erroneous value for init_connect does not prevent all clients from connecting. For example, the value might contain a statement that has a syntax error, thus causing client connections to fail. Not executing init_connect for users that have the CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege enables them to open a connection and fix the init_connect value.这段话的大概意思是，当用户具有CONNECTION_ADMIN，SUPER权限用户登录时，是不需要执行init_connect参数的内容的，而不具备这些权限的用户登录时，需要执行init_connect参数的内容，当init_connect参数的内容语句有问题时，就会报错了，这就解释了为什么root用户没有问题，而普通用户发生了问题。
了解报错原因之后，需要修改init_connect的内容了，init_connect里的内容复制出来，如果内在mysql command命令行里执行没有问题就可以了。
5.重新设置init_connect参数值
mysql> show variables like 'init_connect';+---------------+--------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+--------------------+| init_connect | sql_safe_updates=1 |+---------------+--------------------+1 row in set (0.01 sec)mysql> set session sql_safe_updates=1;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> set global init_connect='set session sql_safe_updates=1';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show variables like 'init_connect';+---------------+--------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+--------------------------------+| init_connect | set session sql_safe_updates=1 |+---------------+--------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)6.使用普通用户jim再次连接测试
root@18374a493e56:~# mysql -ujim -pjimmysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 21Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use information_schema;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedmysql> mysql> show variables like 'sql_safe_updates';+------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+------------------+-------+| sql_safe_updates | ON |+------------------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec)从测试结果可以看到，已经可以正常使用Mysql数据库了，而且参数sql_safe_updates也设置正确了。
总之，生产操作无小事，大家在生产上执行任何操作时，一定要在测试环境充分验证之后，了解影响范围之后，方可上线操作，如文中操作，很可能会导致一次线上故障。
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