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用CSS制作立体导航栏的方法

2020-11-27 来源:个人技术集锦
<!doctype html><html lang="en">
 <head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>CSS制作立体导航</title>
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3cplus.com/demo/css3/base.css">
 <style>
 body{
 background: #ebebeb;
 }
 .nav{
 width:560px;
 height: 50px;
 font:bold 0/50px Arial;
 text-align:center;
 margin:40px auto 0;
 background: #f65f57;
 /*制作导航圆角*/
 border-radius: 8px;
 /*制作导航立体效果*/
 box-shadow: 0 7px 0 #ba4a45;
 }
 .nav a{
 display: inline-block;
 /* a元素的过渡属性:1、设置所有a标签过渡;2、过渡时间;3、速度曲线:以慢速开始的过渡效果 */
 -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-in;/* Safari 和 Chrome */
 -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease-in;/* Firefox */
 -o-transition: all 0.2s ease-in;/* Opera */
 -ms-transition: all 0.2s ease-in;/* IE 9 */
 transition: all 0.2s ease-in;
 }
 .nav a:hover{
 /* 鼠标移上时的效果;定义2D旋转10度 */
 -webkit-transform:rotate(10deg);
 -moz-transform:rotate(10deg);
 -o-transform:rotate(10deg);
 -ms-transform:rotate(10deg);
 transform:rotate(10deg);
 }

 .nav li{
 position:relative;
 display:inline-block;
 padding:0 16px;
 font-size: 14px;
 text-shadow:1px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.5);
 list-style: none outside none;
 }
 /*制作导航分隔线效果*/
 .nav li::before,
 .nav li::after{
 content:"";
 position:absolute;
 top:14px;
 height: 25px;
 width: 1px;
 }
 .nav li::after{
 right: 0;
 /* 线性渐变 */
 background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, rgba(255,255,255,0), rgba(255,255,255,.2) 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0));
 background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgba(255,255,255,0), rgba(255,255,255,.2) 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0));
 background: -o-linear-gradient(top, rgba(255,255,255,0), rgba(255,255,255,.2) 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0));
 background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, rgba(255,255,255,0), rgba(255,255,255,.2) 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0));
 background: linear-gradient(top, rgba(255,255,255,0), rgba(255,255,255,.2) 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0));
 }
 .nav li::before{
 left: 0;
 background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ff625a, #9e3e3a 50%, #ff625a);
 background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ff625a, #9e3e3a 50%, #ff625a);
 background: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ff625a, #9e3e3a 50%, #ff625a);
 background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ff625a, #9e3e3a 50%, #ff625a);
 background: linear-gradient(top, #ff625a, #9e3e3a 50%, #ff625a);
 }
 /*删除导航第一个导航项左边的分隔线*/
 .nav li:first-child::before{
 background: none;
 }
 /*删除导航最后一个导航右边的分隔线*/
 .nav li:last-child::after{
 background: none;
 }
 .nav a,
 .nav a:hover{
 color:#fff;
 text-decoration: none;
 }

 </style>
 </head>
 <body>
 <ul class="nav">
 <li><a href="">首页</a></li>
 <li><a href="">个人简介</a></li>
 <li><a href="">作品集</a></li>
 <li><a href="">博客</a></li>
 <li><a href="">资源</a></li>
 <li><a href="">联系我</a></li>
 </ul>
 </body></html>

效果图:

1

2

总结:

1、body部分用无序列表

2、(1)hover

    鼠标移上时的效果。

  (2)疑问::before和:before的区别

    简单来说单冒号(:)用于CSS3伪类,双冒号(::)用于CSS3伪元素。

    w3c关于css选择器的规范:

A pseudo-element is made of two colons (::) followed by the name of the pseudo-element.

This :: notation is introduced by the current document in order to establish a discrimination between pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements. For compatibility with existing style sheets, user agents must also accept the previous one-colon notation for pseudo-elements introduced in CSS levels 1 and 2 (namely, :first-line, :first-letter, :before and :after). This compatibility is not allowed for the new pseudo-elements introduced in CSS level 3.

    简单翻译:伪元素由双冒号和伪元素名称组成。双冒号是在当前规范中引入的,用于区分伪类和伪元素。不过浏览器需要同时支持旧的已经存 在的伪元素写法,比如:first-line、:first-letter、:before、:after等,而新的在CSS3中引入的伪元素则不允许再支持旧的单冒号的写法。

    那么现在就可以完整的回答标题中的问题了,对于CSS2之前已有的伪元素,比如:before,单冒号和双冒号的写法::before作用是一样的。

    所以,如果你的网站只需要兼容webkit、firefox、opera等浏览器,建议对于伪元素采用双冒号的写法,如果不得不兼容IE浏览器,还是用CSS2的单冒号写法比较安全。

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