Unit 2 Working the land
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2018·全国Ⅱ)
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun,according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers,some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives,and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.
According to the report’s key findings,“the proportion(比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children,ages 2-8,remain largely the same.But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined,from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and reading,the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading,mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently,compared to infrequent readers,have more books in the home,more books purchased for them,parents who read more often,and parents who set aside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches,and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead,parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。调查发现,青少年儿童的读书兴趣大大减少,而且,出于对孩子眼睛保护的考虑,许多家长限制孩子们电子阅读的时间。作者建议家长们借此机会制定适合自己家庭的暑假阅读清单。
1.What is the Common Sense Media report probably about? A.Children’s reading habits. B.Quality of children’s books. C.Children’s after-class activities. D.Parent-child relationships. 答案A 1
解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun”可知,青少年与年幼的孩子们读书的乐趣大大减少,这正是孩子们的阅读习惯问题,故选A项。B项“儿童书籍的质量”,C项“孩子们的课后活动”,D项“亲子关系”,均与题意不符。 2.Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”?
A.In paragraph 2. B.In paragraph 3. C.In paragraph 4. D.In paragraph 5. 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段的内容可知,几乎没有阅读兴趣的比例,从1984年8%的13岁儿童和9%的17岁儿童分别上升到了今天的22%和27%。因此,第三段的内容是“children are reading a lot less for fun”的最好的佐证。故选B项。 3.Why do many parents limit electronic reading? A.E-books are of poor quality. B.It could be a waste of time. C.It may harm children’s health. D.E-readers are expensive. 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后一句中的“mainly due to concerns about increased screen time”可知,许多家长限制孩子们电子阅读的时间,主要是因为担心孩子们看屏幕的时间增加,不利于孩子们的健康,故选C项。
4.How should parents encourage their children to read more? A.Act as role models for them. B.Ask them to write book reports. C.Set up reading groups for them. D.Talk with their reading class teachers. 答案A 解析细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句中的“parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading”可知,父母是孩子阅读时的榜样和重要的指导者,故选A项。 Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·浙江嘉兴四月模考)
How to Forgive Yourself
Kelly came home tired and discouraged from her job.She started yelling at everyone in the house.When she calmed down,she started to feel guilty and wanted her family to forgive her.
Does this story sound familiar?What about you? 1
We sometimes make some mistakes. 2 When you hurt someone and start feeling guilty,the first thing you need to do is forgive yourself before you ask others to
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forgive you.Whether you screamed at your child,hurt your partner or lied to your friend,it is necessary to forgive yourself for your benefit.
To learn how to forgive yourself,follow the guide below:
◆ 3 If it is something simple such as screaming at your child or your partner,then work on understanding yourself and emotions.It is also necessary to understand why you took this action for which you have to forgive yourself now.
◆ After you have known about your mistake,you need to learn your lesson from it,so you won’t repeat it.Ask yourself,what can you learn from what you have done? 4
◆ Realize that you are a human and everyone makes mistakes or does things they are not proud of. 5 All it will do is to cause you pain,sorrow,stress,and could lead you into low spirits.Therefore,it is better to make a decision to forgive yourself.
Always remember the saying,“We achieve inner health only through forgiveness,the forgiveness not only of others but also of ourselves.” A.Recognize your behavior and what you have done.
B.It is of great help if you just ignore what led to the situation. C.If you stay upset and angry at yourself,this will not benefit you. D.Have you done something you feel you can’t forgive yourself for? E.Do you hate yourself so much that you feel life is coming to an end? F.We also hurt others intentionally and unintentionally now and then. G.Do you have to change some habits or behavior to avoid such experiences? 答案与解析 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。我们发脾气之后经常会感到后悔和自责,然后请求他人的原谅。其实我们首先要做的是原谅我们自己。本文对此提出了一些建议。
1.D 本段承接上下文,导出话题:这个故事听起来很熟悉吗?你呢?你做过连你自己都无法原谅的事情吗?故D项符合文意。
2.F 此处承接上下文,选项中的“also”以及“hurt”对此有明显的提示。我们有时会犯错误,也会有意无意地伤害他人。当你伤害了他人并为此感到愧疚时,你首先要做的就是在你要求别人原谅你之前先原谅你自己。故F项符合文意。
3.A 根据下文中的“If it is something simple”可知,句中的“it”指代我们所做的事情,和A项中的“behavior”及“what you have done”相一致,故A项符合文意。
4.G 此处紧接上一句“Ask yourself,what can you learn from what you have done?”,意为:问问你自己,你能从中学到什么呢?你需要改变已有的行为习惯来避免犯同样的错误吗?故G项符合文意。
5.C 根据下一句中的“All it will do is to cause you pain”可知,句中的“it”指代负面情绪,与选项中的“upset”及“angry”等相一致,故C项符合文意。 Ⅲ.完形填空
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(2018·浙江杭州教学质量检测)
It’s easy for grown-ups to forget just how hard kids have it sometimes. 1 ,a 3rd grade teacher Annie went out of her way to turn a student’s day from “worst day ever” to “best in the world” for she didn’t 2 .
One Monday,Mark came to school extremely 3 about his haircut,for an older student had 4 him about a spot at Mark’s head just as he arrived.The sad 3rd grader was 5 by the older student’s remarks.“He 6 to come into our classroom and would not 7 his hat.” Annie said.
Seeing tears in Mark’s eyes,Annie decided to 8 to the boy that if he came in his class and took his 9 off,she would let Mark cut her hair,too.
10 a little,Mark made Annie promise.“I’ll run home and get the 11 at lunch,” Annie said.With a big smile on his face,Mark finally came in to 12 .
After lunch,all of Annie’s 3rd graders 13 around while Mark cut her hair short with the scissors.Annie told Mark,“Now we will 14 the objects of tease since we have the same hairstyle.” To Annie’s 15 ,surrounded by his classmates,Mark was an 16 rock star,cheerful and proud.
“I 17 being in a situation when I can help others cheer up,” Annie said.“He cut my hair after lunch and now no one is 18 or embarrassed except maybe my 19 .”
Nice work,Annie.And we’re sure she’ll love your 20 too after your mom hears the story.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。三年级学生Mark因为有同学嘲笑他的新发型而感到难过自卑,Annie老师知道后通过剪相同发型的方式来分担Mark承受的压力,从而把对Mark来讲最糟糕的一天变成了最美好的一天,帮助Mark恢复了自信。 1.A.Strangely C.Apparently 答案B 解析大人们有时候会忘记孩子们的烦恼,幸运的是(Luckily),Annie老师没有忘记(forget)。strangely“奇怪地”;apparently“显然地”;typically“典型地”。 2.A.care C.bend 答案D 解析根据上文内容可知,这里应该是说Annie老师没有忘记孩子们的烦恼。care“关心,在意”;quit“停止,退出”;bend“弯曲”。 3.A.particular C.upset 答案C B.curious D.careless B.quit D.forget B.Luckily D.Typically
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解析根据下文内容,尤其是“Seeing tears in Mark’s eyes”可知,Mark对他的新发型感到非常苦恼(upset)。particular“挑剔的”;curious“好奇的”;careless“粗心的”。 4.A.envied C.instructed 答案B 解析根据上下文,尤其是第五段中的“the objects of tease since we have the same hairstyle”可知,有同学嘲笑(teased)Mark的新发型。envy“羡慕,忌妒”;instruct“指导”;remind“提醒”。 5.A.torn apart C.amused 答案A 解析根据上下文中Mark的行为表现可知,同学的评论使他很伤心(torn apart)。
tear...apart“撕碎,使……心碎”;cheer up“振作”;amuse“娱乐,消遣”;impress“留下印象”。 6.A.refused C.hoped 答案A 解析由于Mark对自己的新发型感到很自卑,所以他拒绝(refused)进入教室,也不愿意脱掉(remove)帽子。attempt“尝试”。 7.A.wear C.lose 答案D 解析因为对自己的新发型感到自卑,所以Mark不愿意脱掉帽子。wear“穿,戴”;dirty“弄脏”;remove“脱掉,消除”。 8.A.introduce C.promise 答案C 解析根据上文中的“his hat”以及下文中的“Mark made Annie promise”可知,当见到Mark的眼泪时,Annie老师向他承诺(promise):如果他能走进教室并脱掉帽子(hat),她愿意让他剪掉她的头发。introduce“介绍”;explain“解释”;appeal“恳求,吸引”。 9.A.necklace C.sunglasses 答案B 解析necklace“项链”;sunglasses“太阳镜”;mask“面具”。根据句意可知应选B项。 10.A.Hesitating B.Trembling C.Whistling 答案A D.Complaining B.hat D.mask B.explain D.appeal B.dirty D.remove B.decided D.attempted B.cheered up D.impressed B.teased D.reminded
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解析根据当时的情景可推知,在听到Annie老师提出的条件后,Mark应当是犹豫(Hesitating)了一会儿才答应了。tremble“颤抖”;whistle“吹口哨”;complain“抱怨”。 11.A.uniform C.permission 答案D 解析根据下文中的“while Mark cut her hair short with the scissors”可知,Annie老师向Mark保证在午饭时间回家拿剪刀(scissors)。uniform“制服”;permission“允许”。 12.A.play C.learn 答案C 解析根据上下文可知,故事发生在学校,所以Mark走进教室的目的应当是学习(learn)。chat“聊天”;apologize“道歉”。 13.A.looked C.hung 答案B 解析根据当时的情景可推知,当Mark给Annie老师剪发时,她的三年级学生都聚集(gathered)在周围观看。look around“环顾四周”;gather around“聚集”;hang around“徘徊逗留”;turn around“转身”。 14.A.become C.choose 答案A 解析句意:既然我们现在有了相同的发型,我们就一起成为(become)被嘲笑的对象了。adjust“适应,调整”;choose“选择”;attack“攻击”。 15.A.amusement C.concern 答案D 解析根据上下文可知,Annie老师在帮助Mark,所以她应当为Mark的改变而感到高兴(delight)。 to one’s delight为固定搭配,意为“让某人感到高兴的是”。amusement“娱乐,消遣”;disappointment“失望”;concern“担心”。 16.A.immediate C.energetic 答案A 解析对比上下文可知,Mark在给Annie老师剪完头发之后,低落的情绪变成了开心和自豪,所以,当Mark被同学们围着的时候,仿佛立刻(immediate)就变成了摇滚明星。innocent“无辜的”;energetic“精力充沛的”;absurd“荒谬的”。 17.A.miss C.love 答案C B.admit D.regret B.innocent D.absurd B.disappointment D.delight B.adjust D.attack B.gathered D.turned B.chat D.apologize B.schoolbag D.scissors
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解析根据Annie和Mark之间的故事可知,Annie老师愿意并善于帮助他人,尤其是她的学生,所以她说她喜欢(love)帮助他人振作起来。miss“错过,想念”;admit“承认”;regret“懊悔,感到遗憾”。 18.A.ashamed C.ordinary 答案A 解析在Annie和Mark的发型变得一样后,她们俩谁都不会再感到耻辱(ashamed)或尴尬了。unfortunate“不幸的”;ordinary“普通的”;sympathetic“同情的”。 19.A.mother C.student 答案A 解析根据下文中的“after your mom hears the story.”可知,Annie的新发型可能会让她的母亲(mother)感到尴尬。colleague“同事”。 20.A.figure C.fashion 答案D 解析根据上文中的多次提示可知,我们确信你的母亲在听了这个故事后也会喜欢你的发型(haircut)。figure“数字,身材”;kindness“善良”;fashion“时尚”。
B.kindness D.haircut B.friend D.colleague B.unfortunate D.sympathetic
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